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Dead Narratives

10 ARTICLES

The hype cycles that burned bright and flamed out. ICOs, NFTs, Play-to-Earn, and the stories crypto told itself.

NARRATIVES
10
PEAK VALUE
$80B+
SURVIVORS
2
STATUS
MOSTLY DEAD
ICO Mania: When Every White Paper Raised $50 Million
2017

ICO Mania: When Every White Paper Raised $50 Million

Anyone with a whitepaper and a Telegram group could raise millions. 80% stole it or wasted it. The SEC eventually showed up.

$20B+ in 2017-18 · ~80% · Mass crackdown · Every token launch since
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DeFi Summer: The 10,000% APY Era Nobody Talks About
2020

DeFi Summer: The 10,000% APY Era Nobody Talks About

Yield farming offered insane returns. Most farms went to zero. The survivors process billions daily. One era ended. Another began.

$180B (2021) · $170B+ · 1,000-50,000% · 3-15%
'The Supercycle': The Theory That Justified Everything
2021

'The Supercycle': The Theory That Justified Everything

Crypto would never have another bear market. Institutional adoption had changed everything. It hadn't.

Millions · 2 · Dead · Yes
Stock-to-Flow: The $100K Model That Broke
2022

Stock-to-Flow: The $100K Model That Broke

The model predicted $100K Bitcoin by 2021. Bitcoin hit $15K instead. It eventually hit $100K in 2024 - four years late.

$100K-288K · $69K peak · $15,500 · Late 2024 (4 years late)
'Web3 Will Replace the Internet': What Happened
2022

'Web3 Will Replace the Internet': What Happened

VCs poured $30 billion into decentralizing everything. Users chose convenience. Nobody switched.

$30B+ in 2021-22 · $170B+ · 2B+ · Negligible
'NFTs Will Tokenize Everything': They Didn't
2022

'NFTs Will Tokenize Everything': They Didn't

Bored Apes sold for $400K. Now the floor is $12,500. OpenSea went from $13.3B valuation to layoffs. The JPEGs lost.

$5.4B (Jan 2022) · ~5.4 ETH ($12.5K) · 145 ETH ($400K+) · $13.3B → ~$1.4B
The Metaverse: $2 Billion Bet on a Ghost Town
2022

The Metaverse: $2 Billion Bet on a Ghost Town

Virtual land sold for millions. MANA is down 98%. SAND is down 99%. The metaverse had more investors than users.

$0.10 (-98%) · $0.09 (-99%) · $2.4M · Ghost town
Play-to-Earn: The Game Nobody Wanted to Play
2022

Play-to-Earn: The Game Nobody Wanted to Play

People quit jobs in the Philippines to play Axie Infinity. AXS peaked at $165. It's at $1.23. The economy was a Ponzi with cute graphics.

$364M/month · $165 · $1.23 (-99%) · Still operating
'Liquid Restaking': $22B Theory, One Broken Bridge
2026

'Liquid Restaking': $22B Theory, One Broken Bridge

EigenLayer was the future of Ethereum yield. LRTs were how everyone would access it. Then Kelp DAO lost 18% of its supply in two hours and the thesis stopped making sense.

~$22B (2024) · 18% · Broken · Dead
DL News: AI Killed the Crypto Newsroom
2026

DL News: AI Killed the Crypto Newsroom

DL News was supposed to be the proof that crypto could fund serious journalism. The DefiLlama team built it. AI traffic collapse killed it. May 2026.

DefiLlama Team · May 8, 2026 · End of May 2026 · AI Traffic Collapse
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